Well, that is a good question.
1. You need an employer who is willing to hire you. This may involve meeting the employer and usually would require a specialised skill set. I would imagine an employer would reach out to you if they were interested and genuinely could not find Canadian employees to do the role.
2. The employer also needs to be willing to fill out the documentation and pay the employer compliance fee ( if they do not go the LMIA route ).
3. The employer's application to be able to issue you a job offer, needs to be approved, this is at the sole discretion of the Canadian government. If this stage fails, there will be no work permit.
4. You have to apply for your work permit, your application for the permit needs to be approved. ( this will be subject to the official believing among other things, that you will leave Canada at the end of the permit, In my situation am able to evidence that I can quite easily leave Canada at the end of such a permit for example, because I have a place to return to in the UK and job connections here and in all honesty, I would be coming to Canada to work, so if the job goes, I will happily go also ).
https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/services/work-canada/permit/temporary/apply.html
If after a working for a year, the employer wants you to stay in Canada, you technically could make an Express Entry application under the Canadian Experience Class. You would need to have worked for your employer for a minimum of a year, 10-11 months will not cut it. The Employer I believe would also be exempt from LMIA, if they offer you a permanent job ( but I am not an expert here ). This is all a big IF.
It would in all likelihood be a closed work permit, so you can only work for one employer. Similar to the USA's H1b program, accept much shorter in length.
You will probably need to buy health insurance as well, as you will not be covered by the Provincial healthcare from what I understand.
This is by no means an easy route, there are no guarantees either. You will need to be able to leave Canada at the end of your permit. You must not mis-represent yourself, if you are just doing it as a means to get permanent residency, it would be unlikely to be approved. There is every chance my permit will not be approved also.
In my situation it would be great to get a PR through Express Entry, or OINP, but, if I have to go out to Canada work for a year and come back home. Then I will be happy with that, at least I got to live and work in Canada for a little while, besides, it might not even work out for me over there. ( assuming my permit gets approved ).
Hope this helped.