A person living in Canada assumes they must apply inland and so goes to the inland application package. They read the guide, where CIC clearly states that people in Canada can actually apply outland. There is absolutely no distinction made between living/visiting/studying/working in Canada. Nowhere does it say those who "are living in Canada" cannot apply outland while those that "are in Canada but not living in Canada" can apply outland.
Anyone in Canada can apply outland.
Sorry about that

. That'll teach me to really read all previous posts!
Once a common-law relationship is established, breaks are OK as long as you can show the relationship to be ongoing. There was a couple that was approved even though they had spent several years living apart after establishing common-law; they proved the relationship was continuing through the entire separation.