gongdi said:
Great point. I gave up looking at opportunities with the public service because the first questions you are asked on any govt job application is whether you can speak French fluently. That eliminates 80% of the applicants, at least. If you are from a minority group, you can check the box on the application and perhaps get a better chance, but I'd say French is the biggest impediment to anyone trying to get his/her foot in the door to one of those cradle to grave government positions.
First of all, only 40% of federal jobs require any level of bilingualism.
Source: http://www.ocol-clo.gc.ca/html/myths_mythes_2008_e.php
Second, I have a strong hunch that Canadian-born children of immigrants are equally or more likely than other Canadians to be bilingual in French and English. I don't have statistics on this, but a reasonable approximation can be obtained as follows. In 2006, immigrants between the ages of 15 and 24 who had immigrated before 1991 (hence who were all 9 or less when they came to Canada) had a 23% bilingualism rate (French/English). Non-immigrants in the same age range were 24% bilingual.
Source: http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/tbt/Rp-eng.cfm?TABID=1&LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=89449&PRID=0&PTYPE=88971,97154&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=0&Temporal=2006&THEME=70&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=
So, at least as concerns immigrants' Canadian children, there is a comparable rate of bilingualism to the native population. And I believe the majority of members of visible minorities who are in a position to apply for federal service jobs ("available" in the workforce) are either Canadian-born or have a high degree of integration.
Finally, I would dispute your 80% figure, even for the bilingual jobs. While only 19% of the working population is bilingual, 29% of those with a university degree are.
Also, how would the public service work otherwise? It can't consist entirely of English-only and French-only positions, or nobody could talk to one another.