You'll need to dedicated time to researching Canada's immigration programs. There are various streams - each with their own requirements. Recommend you start by researching the Express Entry program. This is a points-based program - right now you need 460+ points to be selected out of the pool. Points are awarded based on level of education, skilled work experience, age, language abilities and other factors. Info below:
https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/services/immigrate-canada.html
In terms of time, you would need 3-6 months to prepare before applying (complete a language test, have your education assessed, etc.). Then you would wait to be selected. Once selected, processing times are anywhere from a few months to well over a year.