I did some research on the CIC/IRCC website, and it looks like we might be using the wrong terminology for CIC offices inside Canada. Without reading the whole thing below, basically offices inside Canada are probably not called Visa Offices, which is why the agent said you did not have a "Visa Office" assigned yet. Your application is being processed at the Case Processing Centre (CPC) in Sydney, Nova Scotia. This is normal and not something to worry about. Since you are an Outland applicant, when CPC Sydney approves your application, they will probably assign a Visa Office in your country to give you your visa (I am not too familiar with how Outland works, but that would be my guess).
Here are the details of what I found out, regarding terminology and which offices do what:
For offices that process applications/issue visas outside Canada: the term is "Visa Office". Visa Offices are located in the Canadian embassies, high commissions and consulates in foreign countries. You can find a list of Visa Offices here:
https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/corporate/contact-ircc/offices/international-visa-offices.html
For offices that process applications inside Canada: the terms are:
- "Case Processing Centre" (CPC): CPCs are located in various Canadian cities and are the main CIC/IRCC offices where PR applications are processed.
- "Centralized Intake Office" (CIO), which is where all PR applications pass through first. You can find a list of CPCs and the CIO here: https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/corporate/contact-ircc/offices.html
- Other CIC (IRCC) offices: There are lots of other IRCC offices which support processing of PR applications and/or conduct interviews etc. These other offices are: Calgary, Vancouver, Surrey, Winnipeg, Fredericton, St. John's, Halifax, Hamilton, Yellowknife, Kitchener, London, Niagara Falls, Toronto (Scarborough), Toronto (Etobicoke), Windsor, Montreal, Saskatoon. You can find a full list here: https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/corporate/contact-ircc/offices/canada-appointment-only.html
- One or more of these above types may be referred to informally as "Visa Offices", but I don't see any reference to this on the CIC/IRCC website. When I asked a call centre agent what my visa office was, he did not know what I was asking. This makes sense as I am in the CEC stream within Canada, so would not need a Visa Office in my home country. When I asked where my application was being processed, he told me it was Edmonton (i.e. CPC Edmonton).
- Note: The officer who gives final approval to your application seems to have the title "Visa Officer" , regardless of whether you are applying inside or outside of Canada.
Below is a list of what types of permanent residence applications each
CPC (inside Canada) processes normally. Sometimes applications are "redistributed" when one office is overwhelmed, to try to cut down waiting times. Non-CPC IRCC offices may also assist with your application. Therefore you may have your application processed by a CPC that does not normally process your type of application, or a non-CPC IRCC office.
CPC Edmonton: PR applications for protected persons and convention refugees in Canada, live-in caregivers, Caring for Children and Caring for People with High Medical Needs pathways, PR under the temporary resident permit holder class
CPC Mississauga: Sponsorship for family members living in Canada and abroad
CPC Sydney: PR Cards and Citizenship (not PR applications)
CIO Sydney: Receives all PR applications first, then processes them locally or sends them to a CPC.
CPC Ottawa: PR applications from within Canada and the US, after the application is deemed complete by CPC in Sydney or Mississauga.