As I said, "if the father decides that he wants the child to live with him". It will not happen automatically, but if there is a custody battle between the parents, father of the child will have the same rights as mother. In my line of work I see a lot of children moving between mom's and dad's home (of course, it is much easier when both parents are in Canada). I also was involved in the case when mother was ordered by the court to bring the child back to Canada from her country and give the child back to the father (regardless of the fact that her financial situation in her country was much better than the father's in Canada, who did not have a stable housing and was on a welfare).The child was a Canadian citizen and the Canadian court belived that it was in the best interests of the child to live in Canada. I'm not trying to scare the topic starter, I'm just trying to warn her about things that might happen.