If I needed to walk dogs three times a day, and, living as I do in Central alberta - then yes a Canada Goose is a sensible choice, it'll last for ages, keep you warm and they look good.
I have a North Face for normal days (-15 ish) and if i'm outside doing chores - or for any length of time in the normal (-40 with the windchill) winter temps - then I have a Helly Hansen goose down.
However I totally agree that layering layering layering is the key if you don't want to spend a fortune.
Just make sure your top layer is 3 sizes bigger than you need it