Hi
you can not apply a refugee file by yourself from outside Canada ,
to do so there is two ways
1- by the UNHCR , you have to wait until they chose you for a resettlement (they may choose other country than Canada ) ,then they will inform you that you have been chosen and will do several interviews before they transfer your file to the resettlement country authorities , this process may take very long time as there is so many people asking for resettlement.
2- by someone in Canada, in this case you must be sponsored privately either by group of people (normally five Canadians) or by an organization , they will register your application and provide evidences that they will support you for a year after your arrival to Canada.
so, if you know someone in Canada it is good idea to ask him to help you finding sponsors (privately sponsored refugees applications are stopped now but hopefully they will be opened again in 2018)
* if you have the requested funds it will be easier to find sponsors. *
here you can find helpful information
https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/services/refugees/help-outside-canada.html