First and foremost - refugee process is meant for refugees. I would not advise to go this route unless you have a genuine case. You will be involved in a gruelling interview and be asked to state many details and recount many events. You will need to provide evidence such as police reports and proof of incompetence on your government's part to protect you.
Having said that, both, homosexuality and religious persecution are valid refugee cases. You may have to provide evidence that you are indeed homosexual (pictures?). For religious persecution, provide evidence of your religion (letter from Pastor/Imam, etc.). Then you'd have to provide evidence of intolerance of those in your home country.
1)
You can claim refugee status on a Visitor Visa, or just somehow end up in Canada and claim refugee status. You can also be referred by the UN or privately sponsored by a community here in Canada. Although these usually go to refugees in dire need - such as those from (usually) African, war-torn countries such as Congo. (Our Church has sponsored two families from Congo.)
I don't recommend committing a felony such as obtaining a fake Canadian passport. Having said that, the odds of obtaining a Visitor Visa depend highly on you being able to convince the officer of your return.
2)
No, it is not 100% sure that Canadian authorities will not deport you. Having said that, most cases, you are detained (prison). If they determine that you are some kind of a threat, they might put you on a plane back. This rarely happens though. You do not need an immigration lawyer to file an application on your behalf. You can consult a refugee lawyer (they are usually specialized) though. Expect fees of upwards of $3000 per person/case.
3)
No, you may not include your parents. Your parents may include you, depending on your age. If your parents want to apply for refugee status, they must flee and apply here as well. Given new/changing sponsorship requirements, it is unlikely that you will be able to sponsor your parents easily in the future.
4)
If it is determined that you do not have enough funds to support yourself, yes, you may apply for a work permit. In addition, if you obtain admission into a study program, yes you may apply for a study permit. Yes, you may work a fulll-time job on a refugee work permit - it will look like any other work permit. There is no guarantee that you will be able to afford your expenses through that job. Job market isn't exactly great in Canada. You may have trouble finding a job, keeping a job, paying for your case fees (and taking time for it), etc. You are on your own when you get here.
5)
As you can't name them, they must have their own application. So you must bring them.
After looking into what "Sipah-e-Sahaba" is - note that given that your country actually bans that organization, the odds of your case being accepted are low. It isn't sufficient to show that you are suffering; you must show that your government is incapable of protecting you. Given that it is making efforts to protect you, it might be hard.
As for OP's post:
Given that it is May, you probably know all the details of what happens at a scheduling conference.
She can withdraw her claim at anytime and return to her home country. If she withdraws her claim, she may never make a claim again. Yes, she can apply for a work permit or study permit right away - however, there are no guarantees that she will obtain them. She must show intent of returning to her country with a study or work permit. She is able to return to Canada through any legal means offered - Visitor Visa, Permanent Residence, etc. Your friend should consult the Rainbow Refugee Committee (specializing in LGBT refugees): rainbowrefugee.ca
