Just became a Canadian citizen today at Montreal citizenship ceremony. Will be applying for the passport tomorrow under regular processing (in-person deposit).
As for the entire process, the timeline is mentioned in the signatures.
As for what happens in a citizenship ceremony, first off, you will be receiving your oath ceremony envelope with the invitation letter, form for no criminality/terrorism etc involvement that you have to sign off on, consent for you to be photographed at the ceremony and for CIC to use your or your family members' pictures at their volition.
Once you reach your center for oath ceremony, your guests and you will be asked to occupy seats in different areas but in the same room with the guests ushered in first. The would-be citizens will then be asked to line themselves outside the ceremony room (divided by the numbers mentioned on the invitation right below the address of the ceremony). Your documents (the ones that you were mailed with your oath invitation) will then be checked and you will be asked to sign on the "affirmation of oath". Do these things and then you will be given couple of booklets with the pledge and the anthem written in both English and French. Once done with this, you will be asked to occupy seats with your "invitation number" (the numbers mentioned on the invitation right below the address of the ceremony).
You will have to wait till everyone is sitting and then the citizenship judge enters. The judge will then ask all the oath takers to stand up on their seats and repeat the oath (both in French and English, feel free to read it from the packet that you get right before entering the room). Once the oath is affirmed by everyone, you will then be called to the front 1 family at a time and given your citizenship certificates wherein you can click photographs with the judge. You will then have to wait till all the certificates are distributed which took 1 hour for 340 people at the Montreal ceremony today.
In totality, it took 2.5 hours for the entire process to be over.
Good luck to everyone who is waiting or have their oath ceremonies scheduled soon.