Hi all,
First, I am grateful for this forum. Thank you all! It is the one thing that has been helpful during this trying time of endless wait without any reasonable justification from IRCC.
I am CEC (inland) AOR Mar 4 2020. Like some of the others on this forum, my application is stuck and the Webform responses are generic messages. I called IRCC few times and the agents told me that my application is "waiting to be finalized". When I asked agents say that it means it is waiting for a visa officer to finalize the application (whatever that means). The application has been "waiting to be finalized" for at least six months when I first called IRCC.
My life situation is difficult as it is and this indefinite wait is making it much worse.
I have reached out to my MP, they said they'll reach out to IRCC to get an update but I am not sure if IRCC will give them a generic reply too. I also reached out to the minister of immigration but got a vague automated message, not even sure if they'll look at my request.
I have ordered GCMS notes, about 30 days ago, still waiting to receive them.
I have also submitted a compliant against IRCC under
"Services > Processing Procedures" that they need to at-least provide a meaningful updates to Webform requests and when applications will be finalized.
Seeing recent updates from IRCC that
they are processing May applications making me lose all hope.
At this point, I have decided to
file a writ of Mandamus. My
questions are:
- Is 1 year delay without any meaningful updates from IRCC sufficient to justify a Mandamus? My application is not complex per IRCC definition. It was complete, including biometrics and medicals on time (before pandemic). I got no requests for additional docs or anything from IRCC.
- How long does a typical Mandamus take to finish?
- Has anyone in this forum successful gone through the process (or know someone who has) and willing to share their experience? Does anyone have recommendations for a good lawyer in GTA (Toronto area)?
Perhaps some of the senior folks like
@legalfalcon who may have experience with Mandamus can shed some light.
Thank you all.
First of all you need to understand what Mandamus is and why it is filed. If there has been an inordinate delay only then a writ of mandamus can be filed before the Federal Court asking the court to compel the Minister of Immigration to make a decision on your file. However, each case is different and based on individual circumstances which would determine if the case would succeed or not.
The legal test to be applied when determining whether to grant an order for mandamus is set out in
Kalachnikov v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration), 2003 FCT 777, citing
Apotex Inc. v Canada (Attorney General),
1993 CanLII 3004 (FCA), [1994] 1 FC 742 (CA), affirmed by the Supreme Court of Canada in [1994] 3 SCR 1110:
1. There is a public duty to the applicant to act;
2. The duty must be owed to the applicant;
3. There is a clear right to the performance of that duty, in particular:
(a) the applicant has satisfied all conditions precedent giving rise to the duty;
(b) there was a prior demand for performance of the duty, a reasonable time to comply with the demand, and a subsequent refusal which can be either expressed or implied;
4. There is no other adequate remedy. [See Note 5 below]
5. The “balance of convenience” favours the applicant (
Apotex Inc. v. Canada (A.G.),
1993 CanLII 3004 (FCA), [1994] 1 F.C. 742 (C.A.), aff'd
1994 CanLII 47 (SCC), [1994] 3 S.C.R. 1100,
Conille v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration), [1992] 2 F.C. 33 (T.D.)).[/QUOTE]
In
Conille, supra,
1998 CanLII 9097 (FC), [1999] 2 F.C. 33 (T.D.) , Tremblay-Lamer J. set out three requirements at paragraph 23, that must be met if a delay is to be considered unreasonable:
(1) The delay in question has been longer than the nature of the process required, prima facie;
(2) The applicant and his counsel are not responsible for the delay; and
(3) The authority responsible for the delay has not provided satisfactory justification.
If you test your case against all of the above criteria, and given that your AoR is March 2020, you will not be able to meet the balance of convenience test since the average processing time for an application pre-COVID was 8-9 months. Also, the fact that you are CEC inland, you have the right to stay in Canada, apply for BOWP and any time you spend in Canada will be later counted towards your citizenship (50%). Also, factors such as staffing issues with IRCC, and COVID will play a big role and courts will be reluctant to interfere.
To answer your questions:
1. As per the analysis above, Mandamus does not mandate a specific time frame, bit the test is subjective and will depend on a case by case basis.
2. The process will depend on whether you case goes to trial before judge, or is dealt with by your lawyer and IRCC's lawyer and settled. Most cases end up being settled, but at this juncture IRCC will not be inclined to settle, as if they do, it will open room for more similar cases. It can be anywhere from 3-8 months.
3. There are many applicants who have filed Mandamus and got positive results, but that was in the context of delay in their security screening.
You can read more on mandamus cases:
https://canlii.ca/t/j1vrp
https://canlii.ca/t/jbk59
Also, you can consult an immigration lawyer. Immigration Consultants cannot represent you before the federal court, only lawyers can.
Hope this helps!