If the case is rejected and the applicant is sent home, then I believe the government can sometimes figure out what has happened since a travel document may need to be issued to allow travel if the applicant's passport has expired. However they certainly won't know the details of the case.
I hadn't thought of that ! I suppose there are also security checks for Student visas or Immigration applications ? If so, a security check could mean anything.
If your claim is successful then the background checks starts ..prior to that I don't think so.
And if after succesful claim home country comes to know..it does not matter ,does it
When you have been interviewed for seeking asylum, officer asked question if you wanted to let your government know that you are seeking asylum. I answered NO.