An application to sponsor father, mother, etc., is different from an application to sponsor a spouse - so the refusal of a parent sponsorship would not necessarily mean a spousal sponsorship would automatically be refused, too. As PMM says, it would depend partly on why the parental sponsorship was refused . . . if it was strictly about financial eligibility, that wouldn't matter as spousal sponsorships are minimum income exempt. But if you were refused because you had a criminal record, or you were in receipt of social assistance or in an undischarged bankruptcy . . . those things would make you ineligible to sponsor a spouse, too.
You should read through the sponsor's guides for spousal/common-law sponsorships. They're very clear about things that can make you ineligible to sponsor a spouse . . . the refusal (alone) of a parental sponsorship is not one of them.