hi all,
thank you very much for your assistance so far!
here is an update on my situation:
to marry in japan, a canadian needs a document known as "konin youken gubi shoumeisho". the canadian government makes that document available here:
tinyurl.com/yz6n3zl
according to the canadian government's website, the "konin youken gubi shoumeisho" must be notarized at a canadian embassy in japan:
"This proof is accepted in the form an affidavit that you must swear person in front of the appropriate authority at the Canadian Embassy or Consulates and thus this cannot be done through mail." (source: tinyurl.com/3yxhxvn)
the canadian government's website does not, however, indicate whether it is possible to have the "konin youken gubi shoumeisho" notarized inside canada, either at a canadian government office, or at a legal notary public.
the more general link provided by karl (tinyurl.com/2azwtg7) seems to indicate that, at least in the general case, any notary public in canada will do:
"You must provide a statutory declaration of your present marital status and indicate the name and citizenship of your future spouse. Statutory declarations can be done before a Canadian notary or commissioner of oaths."
we have asked the japanese ward office whether they will accept any form of notarization performed in canada. we described what a canadian notary public is, and asked if notarization in canada at a notary public (in japanese: koushou yakuba) would be accepted. so far the answer is "maybe". the japanese ward office is investigating, and also asked us to ask the canadian government if it has a process in place to handle canadians living in canada who wish to have a marriage legally recognized in japan without traveling to japan.
we asked the canadian embassy in tokyo that question. their answer was:
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The authority able to tell you what document will be accepted is the local Japanese city/ward office where you are going to register your marriage.
Usually they will require the affidavit to be signed at a Canadian consulate in Japan or at the Embasssy in Tokyo. They would probably not accept any other notarization. However in order to make sure, you can contact your city/ward office here in Japan.
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at this point we are waiting to hear back from both the japanese government and the canadian government.
i will post an update if i receive further information. if anyone has any experience with this issue, i would greatly appreciate hearing about it.
thanks again.