Well, it depends upon what type of nomination you seek.
If it is connected to a job offer then it could be a bit quicker than others (mine for example is as an entrepreneur / investor). Also, if you have a job offer and the Nomination from Quebec (and/or a letter of support from them) then you will likely get a temporary work permit to get to Montreal until you get the permanent residence visa from CIC (the "Feds").
This is some background--best to reply upon the official site than my amateur educated guesses! Get moving though--they have a maximum number they accept each year.
Look at cic.gc.ca/english/resources/publications/employers/provincial-nominee-program.asp
"Most PNPs include one or more employer-driven streams which allow workers to be nominated on the basis of a permanent, full-time job offer, provided they meet provincial or territorial nomination requirements (these may include specific occupations, education, work experience, official language proficiency and age). Details regarding individual PNPs are available on provincial and territorial government immigration websites.
PTs are responsible for due diligence in respect of their nomination decisions and for document verification. CIC makes the final selection decision and may refuse a case if the applicant fails to demonstrate the ability to establish economically in the nominating province. PTs are also prohibited from nominating an individual on the basis of a passive investment. CIC is responsible for ensuring that nominees meet extensive health, criminality and security checks."