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elkan said:
... my partner was issued a 90 Day Visitor Record and they also stamped his passport and wrote 90 days on that as well.

This is the same situation my partner had. There is no "visa" for U.S. citizens because they are visa-exempt, but they do sometimes get "visitor records". In our case, the IO explained how to apply for an extension to the VR, although I already knew from reading this forum. She advised that we apply right away, even without the crucial FBI certificate that we were waiting for at the time. She also advised that we should just send in the sponsorship portion for now, but I don't think she was well-informed because I know that would never be processed without the other forms.
 
This seems to be a common misconception about the conjugal class. Because the category was created for those who have impdiments to meeting the criteria as spouses or common law partners does not mean that an impediment MUST exist to qualify as conjugal partners. We had no impediment to marriage and no significant impediment to cohabitation, though I was also given a VR for 2 months when I crossed the border last summer, but we did have plenty of evidence that a marriage-like relationship already existed.