As for work permit, you would need an employer to apply for an LMO for you which can easily take 6 weeks or in some cases longer. The employer needs to prove that the job has been advertised for a certain amount of time and that he could not find anybody qualified and/or willing to take the job and that he is offering market wages. If you get the LMO approved, the fastest way to get a work permit is take your LMO and $150 to the US border and apply for your work permit at the border as you re-enter Canada.
For study permit, I don't know as much. I know you need to have been accepted to a college, you need to be able to show that you can pay your tuition and support yourself but I don't think it's a problem to apply from within Canada.
Some EU countries have work exchange agreements with Canada for young people. If you could get in on a program like that, it would really be the easiest way to get a work permit. You would get an open work permit for a year and it would help you secure employment with an employer who is later willing to go through the hassle of applying for an LMO for you to keep you if you want to stay. To find out if your country has a program like that, ask at the Canadian embassy where you live.
